Hand hygiene facilities and emergency equipment
Appropriate hand hygiene prevents up to 50% of avoidable infections acquired during healthcare delivery, including those affecting the health workforce.
- WHO, 2025
Figure 4
Purposeful graphic devices can be used to mark handwash stations to drive a culture of good hygiene practices.
Planning considerations:
Handwash stations Provide adequate numbers of stations at points of care, waste areas, near toilets, exits, entrances, waiting rooms, and dining areas.
Educate Provide signage (including graphics) to promote proper handwashing and hygiene practices.
Clean water Ensure that all hand hygiene stations have access to clean water for effective handwashing.
Oxygen Provide reliable access to medical-grade oxygen that functions even in extreme conditions. Priority should be given to solar-powered oxygen concentrators, low-energy devices, and oxygen delivery systems that minimize waste through appropriate flow regulations. Backup systems, ideally renewable or low-carbon, must be in place for emergencies or high-demand periods.
Design and delivery:
Station placement Handwashing facilities or alcohol-based hand rubs should be within 5 meters of key areas, including entrances, exits, patient rooms, and common areas, with a reliable water supply and soap.
Foot-operated doors Install foot-operated doors in high-traffic areas to minimize touchpoints and contamination risk.
Hand drying Provide both air dryers and paper towels, with a preference for air dryers to support sustainability and reduce waste.