Energy efficiency and renewable energy
Close to 1 billion people in low- and lower-middle-income countries are estimated to be served by healthcare facilities without reliable electricity or with no electricity access at all.
- WHO, 2023
Figure 5
Potential energy generation systems in a PHC facility.
Planning considerations:
Feasibility for renewable energy Assess sunlight for solar, wind for turbines (ideal in coastal areas), and water flow for hydropower.
Redundant energy sources Plan for backup power using solar, wind, hydro, biomass, or generators. Consider battery storage for renewable energy.
Fuel agreements Ensure agreements for continuous fuel delivery during prolonged outages.
Fuel storage Ensure fuel tanks can store 72-96 hours of fuel, are accessible by mini tanker, and are secured against theft.
Design and delivery:
Energy efficiency measures Install low-flow plumbing fixtures and occupancy sensors to reduce energy demands.
Lighting Use LED lighting and energy-efficient equipment with automatic controls to save energy.
Renewable generation opportunities Install photovoltaic panels in feasible locations for solar power. For run-of-river hydroelectricity, utilize flowing water sources for hydroelectric power.
Biomass feedstock With limited capabilities, use biodiesel, renewable natural gas, or propane. For advanced capabilities, consider renewable diesel and electrification. The best approach involves electrification with renewables and/or battery storage.